MS- 1. 3 - Wikipedia. For other uses, see MS 1. Mara Salvatrucha. Mara Salvatrucha gang member with gang's name tattooed on his back.

Founding location. Los Angeles, California, U. S. Years active. 19. Territory. United States; Compton, California; Los Angeles, California; Boston, Massachusetts; Fresno, California; Santa Cruz, California. Ethnicity. Mostly Salvadorans, Hondurans, and Guatemalans. Membership. 70,0.

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Criminal activities. Drug trafficking, illegal immigration, people smuggling, robbery, larceny, human trafficking, extortion, murder, money laundering, prostitution, racketeering, battery, kidnapping, arms trafficking. Allies. Sureños, Sinaloa Cartel, Gulf Cartel, La Familia Michoacana, Mexican Mafia, Los Zetas[2]Rivals. Street gang, Juarez Cartel, Los Negros, Sombra Negra, Tijuana Cartel, Beltrán- Leyva Cartel, The Rascals, Tiny Rascal Gang, Bloods, Crips, Pirus, Fresno Bulldogs, Hoover Boyz, Hoover Criminals,[3]Latin Kings[4]MS- 1. Mara Salvatrucha; also known as simply MS or Mara) is an international criminal gang that originated in Los Angeles, California, US in the 1.

Issuu is a digital publishing platform that makes it simple to publish magazines, catalogs, newspapers, books, and more online. Easily share your publications and get. MS-13 (Mara Salvatrucha; also known as simply MS or Mara) is an international criminal gang that originated in Los Angeles, California, US in the 1980s. Hotwapi.Com is a mobile toplist for mobile web sites. We have over 2000 registered sites. EzineArticles.com allows expert authors in hundreds of niche fields to get massive levels of exposure in exchange for the submission of their quality original articles.

1 I celebrate myself, and sing myself, And what I assume you shall assume, For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you. I loafe and invite my soul. Lawless euro union was created in a illegal lawless coup d etat - and this unlawfull stalinist terror-torture unit will collapse with a fucking big bang. Potřebujete poradit? Nevíte, jaké zvolit palubky či podlahovky? Zeptejte se odborníků na palubky a podlahovky.

The gang later spread to many parts of the continental United States, Canada, Mexico, and Central America, and is active in urban and suburban areas. Most members are ethnically of Central American origin (principally El Salvador). In the U. S., MS- 1. California, the Washington, D.

C. metropolitan area, New York City and New Jersey, Boston, Charlotte, North Carolina, and Houston. There is also a presence of MS- 1. Toronto, Canada. Members of MS are characterised by tattoos covering the body, previously including the face, and by the use of their own sign language. They are notorious for their violence and a subculturalmoral code based on merciless retribution. This cruelty of the distinguished members of the "Maras" or "Mareros" earned them a path to be recruited by the Sinaloa Cartel battling against Los Zetas in an ongoing drug war in Mexico.[5][6][7] Their wide- ranging activities have drawn the attention of the FBI and Immigration and Customs Enforcement, who have initiated wide- scale raids against known and suspected gang members, arresting hundreds across the country.[citation needed]Etymology.

There is some dispute about the etymology of the name. Some sources state the gang is named for La Mara, a street gang in San Salvador, and the Salvatrucha guerrillas who fought in the Salvadoran Civil War.[8] Additionally, the word mara means gang in Caliche slang and is taken from marabunta, the name of a fierce type of ant. Salvatrucha" may be a combination of the words Salvadoran and trucha, a Caliche word for being alert. The term "Salvatruchas" has been explained as a reference to Salvadorian peasants trained to become guerrilla fighters, referred to as "Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front."[9]Aspirants are beaten for 1. Physical appearance. Minors make up the majority of suspects arrested for killings attributed to MS- 1. Many school districts had been reluctant to admit unaccompanied teenagers when they initially arrived in from Central America, leaving them home alone and vulnerable to gang recruitment.[1.

Many Mara Salvatrucha members cover themselves in tattoos. Common markings include "MS", "Salvatrucha", the "Devil Horns", the name of their clique, and other symbols.[1. A December 2. 00. CNN internet news article stated that the gang was moving away from face tattoos so as to be able to commit crimes without being noticed.[1. Members of Mara Salvatrucha, like members of most modern American gangs, utilize a system of hand signs for purposes of identification and communication. One of the most commonly displayed is the "devil's head" which forms an 'M' when displayed upside down.

This hand sign is similar to the same symbol commonly seen displayed by heavy metal musicians and their fans. Founders of Mara Salvatrucha borrowed the hand sign after attending concerts of heavy metal bands.[1. Presence. In the U. S., MS- 1. 3 has an especially heavy presence in Los Angeles County and the San Francisco Bay Area in California; the Washington, D. C. metropolitan areas of Fairfax County, Virginia, Montgomery County, Maryland,[2.

Prince George's County, Maryland; Queens, New York; Long Island, New York; Newark, New Jersey, Plainfield, New Jersey; Jersey City, New Jersey; Elizabeth, New Jersey; the Boston, Massachusetts area; Charlotte, North Carolina; and Houston, Texas. There is also a presence of MS- 1. Toronto, Canada. MS- 1. Texas as a stopping point for travel from Los Angeles to the East Coast and for the trafficking of drugs, humans, and weapons between Mexico and the United States. The largest concentration of MS- 1. Texas is in Houston.[2. History. The Mara Salvatrucha gang originated in Los Angeles, set up in the 1.

Salvadoran immigrants in the city's Pico- Union neighborhood who immigrated to the United States after the Central American civil wars of the 1. Originally the gang's main purpose was to protect Salvadoran immigrants from other, more established gangs of Los Angeles, who were predominantly composed of Mexicans and African- Americans.[2. Many Mara Salvatrucha gang members from the Los Angeles area have been deported after being arrested.[2. For example, Jose Abrego, a high- ranking member, was deported four times.[2.

As a result of these deportations, members of MS- 1. The Los Angeles Times contends that deportation policies have contributed to the size and influence of the gang both in the United States and in Central America.[2. According to the 2. National Gang Threat Assessment, "The gang is estimated to have 3. United States.[2. Since the first decade of the twenty- first century the gang has expanded into the Washington, D. C. area, in particular the areas of Langley Park and Takoma Park, Maryland.[2.

In 2. 00. 4 the US FBI started the MS- 1. National Gang Task Force. The FBI also began teaming with law enforcement in El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, and Mexico.[2. In 2. 00. 5 the office of U.

S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement started Operation Community Shield. By 2. 01. 1 this operation had made over 2. MS- 1. 3 members.[3. According to New York's 2nd district representative Peter King MS- 1. January 2. 01. 6 and April 2.

Long Island.[3. 1]On July 2. MS- 1. 3 gang members were arrested by Salvadorian authorities,[3. President Donald Trump declared his goal of "eradicating" MS- 1. Illegal immigration and human smuggling. According to The Washington Times, MS- 1. Mexico.[3. 4] There were reports by the Minuteman Project that MS members were ordered to Arizona to target U.

S. Border Patrol agents and Minuteman Project volunteers.[3. Robert Morales, a prosecutor for Guatemala, indicated to The Globe and Mail that some Central American gang members seek refugee status in Canada. Superintendent of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police integrated gang task force, John Robin, said in an interview that "I think [gang members] have a feeling that police here won't treat them in the harsh manner they get down there."[3. Robin noted that Canadian authorities "want to avoid ending up like the U. S., which is dealing with the problem of Central American gangsters on a much bigger scale".[3. The gang is violent to migrants on the southern border of Mexico.[3. Team Hot Wheels: The Origin Of Awesome! Full Movie Part 1 more.

False Al- Qaeda connection. In 2. 00. 5 Honduran Security Minister Oscar Álvarez and the President of El Salvador raised alarm by claiming that Muslim terrorist organisation Al- Qaeda was meeting with Mara Salvatrucha and other Central American gangs to help them infiltrate the United States. FBI agents said that the U. S. intelligence community and governments of several Central American countries found that there was no basis to believe that MS- 1. Al- Qaeda or other Islamic radicals, although the head of the FBI task force on MS- 1. Central America to discuss the issue.[3. Publicized crimes.

The Central American population in North America is the primary victim of MS- 1. Many of the victims are minors.[1. On July 1. 3, 2. 00. Brenda Paz, a 1. 7- year- old former MS- 1.

STARTRACK. COM : : FILM : : FOTO : : MUSIC : : SCENE : : STARS ===LITERATUREGEORGE ORWELL: Nineteen Eighty- Four. IIt was a bright cold day in April, and the clocks were striking thirteen. Winston Smith, his chin nuzzled into his breast in an effort to escape the vile wind, slipped quickly through the glass doors of Victory Mansions, though not quickly enough to prevent a swirl of gritty dust from entering along with him.

The hallway smelt of boiled cabbage and old rag mats. At one end of it a coloured poster, too large for indoor display, had been tacked to the wall. It depicted simply an enormous face, more than a metre wide: the face of a man of about forty- five, with a heavy black moustache and ruggedly handsome features. Winston made for the stairs.

It was no use trying the lift. Even at the best of times it was seldom working, and at present the electric current was cut off during daylight hours. It was part of the economy drive in preparation for Hate Week.

The flat was seven flights up, and Winston, who was thirty- nine and had a varicose ulcer above his right ankle, went slowly, resting several times on the way. On each landing, opposite the lift- shaft, the poster with the enormous face gazed from the wall. It was one of those pictures which are so contrived that the eyes follow you about when you move. BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU, the caption beneath it ran. Inside the flat a fruity voice was reading out a list of figures which had something to do with the production of pig- iron. The voice came from an oblong metal plaque like a dulled mirror which formed part of the surface of the right- hand wall.

Winston turned a switch and the voice sank somewhat, though the words were still distinguishable. The instrument (the telescreen, it was called) could be dimmed, but there was no way of shutting it off completely. He moved over to the window: a smallish, frail figure, the meagreness of his body merely emphasized by the blue overalls which were the uniform of the party. His hair was very fair, his face naturally sanguine, his skin roughened by coarse soap and blunt razor blades and the cold of the winter that had just ended. Outside, even through the shut window- pane, the world looked cold. Down in the street little eddies of wind were whirling dust and torn paper into spirals, and though the sun was shining and the sky a harsh blue, there seemed to be no colour in anything, except the posters that were plastered everywhere.

The blackmoustachio'd face gazed down from every commanding corner. There was one on the house- front immediately opposite. BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU, the caption said, while the dark eyes looked deep into Winston's own. Down at streetlevel another poster, torn at one corner, flapped fitfully in the wind, alternately covering and uncovering the single word INGSOC.

In the far distance a helicopter skimmed down between the roofs, hovered for an instant like a bluebottle, and darted away again with a curving flight. It was the police patrol, snooping into people's windows. The patrols did not matter, however. Only the Thought Police mattered. Behind Winston's back the voice from the telescreen was still babbling away about pig- iron and the overfulfilment of the Ninth Three- Year Plan. The telescreen received and transmitted simultaneously.

Any sound that Winston made, above the level of a very low whisper, would be picked up by it, moreover, so long as he remained within the field of vision which the metal plaque commanded, he could be seen as well as heard. There was of course no way of knowing whether you were being watched at any given moment.

How often, or on what system, the Thought Police plugged in on any individual wire was guesswork. It was even conceivable that they watched everybody all the time. But at any rate they could plug in your wire whenever they wanted to. You had to live - - did live, from habit that became instinct - - in the assumption that every sound you made was overheard, and, except in darkness, every movement scrutinized. Winston kept his back turned to the telescreen. It was safer, though, as he well knew, even a back can be revealing.

A kilometre away the Ministry of Truth, his place of work, towered vast and white above the grimy landscape. This, he thought with a sort of vague distaste - - this was London, chief city of Airstrip One, itself the third most populous of the provinces of Oceania. He tried to squeeze out some childhood memory that should tell him whether London had always been quite like this. Were there always these vistas of rotting nineteenth- century houses, their sides shored up with baulks of timber, their windows patched with cardboard and their roofs with corrugated iron, their crazy garden walls sagging in all directions? And the bombed sites where the plaster dust swirled in the air and the willow- herb straggled over the heaps of rubble; and the places where the bombs had cleared a larger patch and there had sprung up sordid colonies of wooden dwellings like chicken- houses?

But it was no use, he could not remember: nothing remained of his childhood except a series of bright- lit tableaux occurring against no background and mostly unintelligible. The Ministry of Truth - - Minitrue, in Newspeak* - - was startlingly different from any other object in sight. It was an enormous pyramidal structure of glittering white concrete, soaring up, terrace after terrace, 3.

From where Winston stood it was just possible to read, picked out on its white face in elegant lettering, the three slogans of the Party: WAR IS PEACEFREEDOM IS SLAVERYIGNORANCE IS STRENGTHThe Ministry of Truth contained, it was said, three thousand rooms above ground level, and corresponding ramifications below. Scattered about London there were just three other buildings of similar appearance and size. So completely did they dwarf the surrounding architecture that from the roof of Victory Mansions you could see all four of them simultaneously. They were the homes of the four Ministries between which the entire apparatus of government was divided. Watch Stockholm Syndrome Online Free HD. The Ministry of Truth, which concerned itself with news, entertainment, education, and the fine arts. The Ministry of Peace, which concerned itself with war.

The Ministry of Love, which maintained law and order. And the Ministry of Plenty, which was responsible for economic affairs. Their names, in Newspeak: Minitrue, Minipax, Miniluv, and Miniplenty.

The Ministry of Love was the really frightening one. There were no windows in it at all.

Winston had never been inside the Ministry of Love, nor within half a kilometre of it. It was a place impossible to enter except on official business, and then only by penetrating through a maze of barbed- wire entanglements, steel doors, and hidden machine- gun nests.

Even the streets leading up to its outer barriers were roamed by gorilla- faced guards in black uniforms, armed with jointed truncheons. Winston turned round abruptly.

He had set his features into the expression of quiet optimism which it was advisable to wear when facing the telescreen. He crossed the room into the tiny kitchen. By leaving the Ministry at this time of day he had sacrificed his lunch in the canteen, and he was aware that there was no food in the kitchen except a hunk of dark- coloured bread which had got to be saved for tomorrow's breakfast. He took down from the shelf a bottle of colourless liquid with a plain white label marked VICTORY GIN.

It gave off a sickly, oily smell, as of Chinese rice- spirit. Winston poured out nearly a teacupful, nerved himself for a shock, and gulped it down like a dose of medicine. Instantly his face turned scarlet and the water ran out of his eyes. The stuff was like nitric acid, and moreover, in swallowing it one had the sensation of being hit on the back of the head with a rubber club. The next moment, however, the burning in his belly died down and the world began to look more cheerful.